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Pani Ram v. Union of India and Ors., Civil Appeal No. 2275 of 2019

Article 14 would also apply to a man who has no meaningful choice except to sign on dotted lines

Brief: While allowing the instant appeal and directing the Respondents to grant disability pension to the appellant in accordance with the rules and regulations as are applicable to the Members of the Territorial Army with effect from 1st January 2012, the Hon’ble Court made following observation on the reliance placed on a document by the Respondents.

RELEVANT PARAGRAPH

22. The respondents have heavily relied on the document dated 30th August 2007, titled “Certificate”. No doubt that the said document is signed by the appellant, wherein he had agreed to the condition that he will not be getting any enhanced pension for having been enrolled in this force.

Firstly, we find that the said document deals with enhanced pension and not disability pension. As already discussed hereinabove, a conjoint reading of Section 9 of the Territorial Army Act, 1948 and Regulation Nos. 292 and 173 of the Pension Regulations for the Army, 1961, would show that a member of the Territorial Army would be entitled to disability pension.

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23. As held by this Court, a Right to Equality guaranteed under Article 14 of the Constitution of India would also apply to a man who has no choice or rather no meaningful choice, but to give his assent to a contract or to sign on the dotted line in a prescribed or standard form or to accept a set of rules as part of the contract, however unfair, unreasonable and unconscionable a clause in that contract or form or rules may be.  We find that the said observations rightly apply to the facts of the present case.  Can it be said that the mighty Union of India and an ordinary soldier, who having fought for the country and retired from Regular Army, seeking reemployment in the Territorial Army, have an equal bargaining power. We are therefore of the considered view that the reliance placed on the said document would also be of no assistance to the case of the respondents.

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