Limitation period

Government of Maharashtra vs Borse Brothers Engineers and Contractors Pvt Ltd, Civil Appeal No. 995 of 2021

Delay in filing of appeal under section 37 of Arbitration Act is condonable

Brief: The Supreme Court has in the instant decision over-ruled its previous decision, N.V. International v. State of Assam, (2020) 2 SCC 109 and held that delay in filing of appeal under section 37 of the Arbitration Act is condonable on showing of sufficient cause.

RELEVANT PARAGRAPH

42. The next important argument that needs to be addressed is as to whether the hard and fast rule applied by this Court in N.V. International (supra) is correct in law. Firstly, as has correctly been argued by Shri Shroti, N.V. International (supra) does not notice the provisions of the Commercial Courts Act at all and can be said to be per incuriam on this count. Secondly, it is also correct to note that the period of 90 days plus 30 days and not thereafter mentioned in section 34(3) of the Arbitration Act cannot now apply, the limitation period for filing of appeals under the Commercial Courts Act being 60 days and not 90 days. Thirdly, the argument that absent a provision curtailing the condonation of delay beyond the period provided in section 13 of the Commercial Courts Act would also make it clear that any such bodily lifting of the last part of section 34(3) into section 37 of the Arbitration Act would also be unwarranted. We cannot accept Shri Navare’s argument that this is a mere casus omissus which can be filled in by the Court.

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61. Given the aforesaid and the object of speedy disposal sought to be achieved both under the Arbitration Act and the Commercial Courts Act, for appeals filed under section 37 of the Arbitration Act that are governed by Articles 116 and 117 of the Limitation Act or section 13(1A) of the Commercial Courts Act, a delay beyond 90 days, 30 days or 60 days, respectively, is to be condoned by way of exception and not by way of rule. In a fit case in which a party has otherwise acted bona fide and not in a negligent manner, a short delay beyond such period can, in the discretion of the court, be condoned, always bearing in mind that the other side of the picture is that the opposite party may have acquired both in equity and justice, what may now be lost by the first party’s inaction, negligence or laches.